International research collaboration · since 2026

Violin · Posture · Sound · Performance

Healthy Strings investigates posture, movement, playing technique, sound and physical strain in violin performance. Specialists from music physiology, violin pedagogy, physiotherapy, acoustics, movement analysis, sensor technology, biorobotics and data science develop shared ways of recording and analysing violin playing.

About the researchHealth & Support

Johann Strauss monument in Vienna with the State Opera; in front a violin, a laptop showing pose tracking, books on musicians’ health and a spine model Bronze statue of a seated cellist in Lucca; in front books on music and health and a laptop with a posture diagram
9institutions in the collaboration
4countries: Austria, Italy, Germany, Australia
1shared dataset of violin recordings – video, sound and expert ratings
10100a googol of multidisciplinary questions

Find your way in

Why it matters

Playing-related musculoskeletal complaints are common among professional musicians: a systematic review of 21 studies with 5,424 musicians reports point prevalences between 9 % and 68 % (Kok et al., 2016). Violinists’ complaints reach many medical specialties, so musicians’ health needs a multidisciplinary approach (Zinn-Kirchner et al., 2023).

No single “correct” posture. A recent scoping review of 135 studies shows that “posture” is defined in very different ways and that a link between “poor” posture and playing-related pain has not been clearly established (Rousseau et al., 2026). Healthy Strings therefore asks which asymmetries are functional for a player and a task – always together with the music, the sound and the individual.

How we work

Connect

Building a network

Music physiology, physiotherapy, pedagogy, acoustics, engineering and data science around one question.

Standardise

Developing protocols

Shared recording tasks, camera views and assessment procedures that work at every site.

Record

Two cameras and sound

Violinists record a short sequence of technical tasks and repertoire themselves.

Analyse

Movement and sound

Markerless tracking from ordinary video, combined with intonation, dynamics and timbre.

Assess

Expert eyes and ears

Physiotherapists and violin teachers assess the same clips. The tools describe – they do not diagnose.

What makes Healthy Strings special

Healthy Strings builds on existing work at every partner site and brings this expertise together around one shared question.

  • Vienna · mdwMotion-Emotion-Lab, Centre for Music Physiology
    Music physiology, musical acoustics and multimodal measurement – home of the project coordination, the recording protocol and the video assessments.
  • Vienna · University of ViennaSInES Lab
    The SInES Tools: more than 100 free, browser-based tools for audio and video analysis, including markerless pose tracking.
  • GenoaCasa Paganini – InfoMus
    Decades of research on expressive movement and multimodal interaction; EyesWeb and PyEyesWeb; the violin corpus of the EU project TELMI.
  • PisaThe BioRobotics Institute, Sant’Anna
    Biorobotics, artificial touch, wearable sensors and motion capture.
  • OsnabrĂĽckUniversity of Applied Sciences, INAP/O
    Physiotherapy for musicians: 3D kinematics and EMG in upper string players, a prospective cohort of music students, a clinic for musicians.
  • SydneyThe University of Sydney
    Performing arts health: musicians’ physiotherapy, the reliability of expert video ratings and health programmes for orchestras.
  • LuccaConservatorio Boccherini · IMT Lucca
    Violin performance and pedagogy with student and professional players; machine learning and data science.
  • AustriaĂ–GfMM – Working Group Science
    The Austrian Society for Music and Medicine hosts Healthy Strings and connects it with musicians’ medicine in Austria.

The team

Five team members on a terrace on the Gaisberg near Salzburg
Healthy Strings – Gaisberg, Salzburg, April 2026From left: Alexandra Türk-Espitalier, Matthias Bertsch, Tina Margareta Nilssen, Bronwen Ackermann, Christoff Zalpour.
Nine people in a courtyard of the Conservatorio Boccherini in Lucca
Healthy Strings – Conservatorio di Musica Luigi Boccherini, LuccaFront: Giorgio Stefano Gnecco, Alberto Carratello, Massimo Morelli (Director of the Conservatorio Boccherini), Alberto Bologni, Christoff Zalpour, Christoph Reuter. Behind: Tina Margareta Nilssen, Alessio Nacuzi, Matthias Bertsch.
Nine people in front of The BioRobotics Institute of Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna in Pisa
Healthy Strings – Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, PisaFelix Klooss, Alessio Nacuzi, Alberto Carratello, Calogero Maria Oddo, Tina Margareta Nilssen, Matthias Bertsch, Christoff Zalpour, Giorgio Stefano Gnecco, Christoph Reuter.
  • AustriaMatthias Bertsch, Alexandra TĂĽrk-Espitalier, Tina Margareta Nilssen, Tobias GroĂźhauser
    Motion-Emotion-Lab, Centre for Music Physiology, mdw – University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna, Vienna
  • AustriaChristoph Reuter, Felix Klooss
    SInES Lab, Department of Musicology, University of Vienna, Vienna
  • ItalyCalogero Maria Oddo, Veronica Santoro
    The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa
  • ItalyAlessio Nacuzi, Alberto Carratello, Alberto Bologni
    Conservatorio di Musica Luigi Boccherini, Lucca
  • ItalyGiorgio Stefano Gnecco
    Scuola IMT Alti Studi Lucca, Lucca
  • ItalyAntonio Camurri, Gualtiero Volpe
    Casa Paganini – InfoMus, University of Genoa, Genoa
  • GermanyChristoff Zalpour, Nikolaus Ballenberger, Dirk Möller, Elisabeth Grain
    OsnabrĂĽck University of Applied Sciences, INAP/O, OsnabrĂĽck
  • AustraliaBronwen Ackermann
    The University of Sydney, Sydney

Team and partners in detail → · Photos and posts from the research retreat

Milestones and outputs

Milestones

  1. April 2026 First results at the symposium Beyond the Score, Salzburg (poster and talk)
  2. Aug–Sep 2026 Research retreat in Lucca and Pisa
  3. October 2026 Shared recording protocol, draft v0.6
  4. November 2026 Pretests of the video assessments for physiotherapists, violin teachers and listeners
  5. 2027 Pilot studies at several sites and joint research applications

Outputs

Responsible research

Consent and privacy

Recordings only with informed consent. Videos are not published; ratings are pseudonymous.

Describe, not diagnose

Our tools describe movement and sound. Health statements need clinical evaluation and validated evidence.

Ethics at every site

Comparable protocols, ethics procedures and data-protection standards before multi-site recordings.

Open and teachable

Open tools and transparent workflows that students and teachers can use.

Support Healthy Strings

Healthy Strings started in 2026 as an international collaboration and has developed quickly. We are now preparing joint research applications to fund early-career researchers and doctoral projects. Institutions, foundations and partners who would like to support or join the project are welcome to contact us: Healthy-Strings@matthias-bertsch.at.

References

  • Kok, L. M., Huisstede, B. M. A., Voorn, V. M. A., Schoones, J. W., & Nelissen, R. G. H. H. (2016). The occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints among professional musicians: A systematic review. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 89(3), 373–396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-015-1090-6
  • Rousseau, C., Zalpour, C., Ackermann, B., & Rennie-Salonen, B. (2026). Instrumental musicians’ playing posture: A scoping review of its conceptualisation and application across interdisciplinary research. Frontiers in Psychology, 17, Article 1831920. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1831920
  • Zinn-Kirchner, Z. M., Alotaibi, M., MĂĽrbe, D., & Caffier, P. P. (2023). For fiddlers on the roof and in the pit: Healthcare and epidemiology of playing-related problems in violinists. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 16, 2485–2497. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S425406

Hosted by the Austrian Society for Music and Medicine (Ă–GfMM), Working Group Science. Project page at the mdw: mdw.ac.at.

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